Human Genetics

Transcription, Translation, and DNA Replication are key processes in genetics that ensure the accurate transmission and expression of genetic information. During Transcription, the DNA sequence is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA) by RNA polymerase. The mRNA then undergoes Translation, where ribosomes use it as a template to assemble amino acids into a protein. During DNA replication, the DNA molecule is copied to ensure that each daughter cell inherits an identical copy before cell division. These processes are essential for gene expression, cellular function, and inheritance, and are foundational to the growth, development, and maintenance of living organisms.