Mining is that the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the world , usually from an ore body, lode, vein, seam, reef, or placer deposit. These deposits form a mineralized commodity that's of economic interest to the miner.
Metallurgy encompasses both the science and therefore the technology of metals; that's , the way during which science is applied to the assembly of metals, and therefore the engineering of metal components utilized in products for both consumers and makers . Metallurgy is distinct from the craft of metalworking.
Materials scientists emphasize understanding, how the history of a cloth influences its structure, and thus the material's properties and performance. The understanding of processing-structure-properties relationships is named the materials paradigm.