Sessions

Organic & Inorganic Chemistry


The research of Organic Chemistry involves the synthesis of organic molecules and the study of their reaction paths, interactions, and applications. Advanced interests include various topics such as the development of new synthetic methods for the assembly of complex organic molecules and polymeric materials. Organometallic Chemistry, Organo catalysis, the synthesis of natural products and non-natural products with unique biological and physical properties, structure and mechanistic analysis, natural product biosynthesis, theoretical chemistry and molecular modeling, diversity-oriented synthesis, and carbohydrate organic chemistry. Organic Chemistry mainly focuses on prediction of aromatic behavior and anti-aromatic behavior, carbohydrates & carboxylic acids, nitriles & phenols, phosphine & polymers.

Inorganic chemistry related to the properties and reactivity of all chemical elements. Advanced interests focus on understanding the role of metals in biology and the environment. The designing properties of materials for energy and information technology, fundamental studies on the reactivity of main group and transition elements and Nanotechnology. Inorganic chemistry mainly deals with the coordination chemistry, case studies, crystallography, crystal field theory, crystal lattices, descriptive chemistry, electronic configurations, ligand field theory, molecular geometry and organometallic chemistry.

Medicinal & Pharmaceutical Chemistry


Medicinal chemistry and pharmaceutical chemistry are the interchange of chemistry. Medicinal Chemistry is the science of design and chemical synthesis which focus mainly on small organic molecules and their development of pharmaceutical agents, or bio-active molecules (drugs). Pharmaceutical Chemistry is same, in addition with the science of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis to the synthesized agents. Pharmaceutical chemistry is focused on quality aspects of medicines and aims to assure fitness for purpose of medicinal products. Pharmaceutical Chemistry is more comprehensive.

Molecular & Biochemistry


Molecular Chemistry is a creative science at which the chemists incorporate molecules with new biological or physical properties to identify scientific or social challenges. The combination of both biological science and a chemical science which scrutinize the chemistry of living organisms and the molecular basis for the changes occurring in living cells. Biochemistry is used for understanding all biological processes. Biochemistry has explanations for the causes of many diseases in humans, animals and plants.

Physical Chemistry


Physical chemistry studies how matter behaves on a molecular and atomic level and how chemical reactions occur. Based on the analysis, physical chemists may develop new theories, such as how complex structures are formed. Physical chemists often work closely with materials to research and develop potential uses for new materials. The Advanced topics of physical chemistry include different spectroscopy methods as well as theoretical and computational tools to provide atomic-level understanding for applications such as: Nano devices for bio-detection and receptors, electron-Proton transfer, protein function, photosynthesis and airborne particles in the atmosphere.

Catalysis & Chemical Engineering


Catalysis is a process by which a substance speeds up a chemical reaction without being consumed or altered in the process. Substances that can accomplish this remarkable feat are termed catalysts and are of immense importance in chemistry and biology. Catalysis describes the outcome of the reaction influenced by the presence of the catalyst which is not consumed during the reaction and that is subsequently removed if it is not to constitute as an impurity in the final product.

Chemical Engineering deals with the application of physical science and life sciences. The process of converting raw materials or chemicals into more useful or valuable forms can be studied in Chemical Engineering. The advanced chemical engineering involved in the production of new materials and techniques, such as: Nanotechnology, fuel cells and biomedical engineering.

Green Chemistry: Green Chemical Principles


Green chemistry is mainly focused on the design of products that minimize the use and generation of hazardous substances and also it is an area of chemistry and chemical engineering. The principle of Green Chemistry involves prevention, atom economy, less hazardous chemical syntheses, designing safer chemicals. Chemical products should be designed for their desired functions while minimizing their toxicity. The major principles in Green Chemistry are Prevention, Atom economy, less hazardous chemical synthesis, Designing safer chemicals. Safer solvents and auxiliaries, energy efficiency by design, use of renewable feed stocks, reduce derivatives, catalysis, design for degradation, real-time analysis for pollution prevention, inherently safer chemistry for accident prevention.

Analytical Chemistry & Separation Techniques


Analytical chemistry focuses on electrochemical methods quality assurance, qualitative analysis, quantifying nature, quantitative analysis, gravimetric methods, evaluating analytical data, spectroscopic methods and Standardizing analytical methods. The science of obtaining, processing and communicating information about the composition and structure of matter is called Analytical Chemistry. It is the art and science of determining matter and how much of it exists. The separation techniques involved in the development of tools and methods to measure physical properties of substances and apply those techniques to the identification of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis of species in an immense variety of settings. Analytical chromatography will be used in various fields for separation and analytical biochemistry is used to detect various samples.

Chromatography & Mass Spectrometry


Chromatography is a method used for separating organic and inorganic compounds so that they can be analyzed and studied by scientists. Chromatography is the great physical method for observing mixtures and solvents. Chromatography is used to determine the presence of cocaine in urine, alcohol in blood, PCB's in fish, and lead in water. There are four main types of chromatography. They are Liquid Chromatography, Gas Chromatography, Thin-Layer Chromatography and Paper Chromatography.

The technique studies the effect of ionizing energy on molecules. LC-MS is an analytical technique that combines the physical separation capabilities of liquid chromatography with the mass analysis capabilities of mass spectrometry.

Materials & Polymer Chemistry


Materials chemistry deals with the potentially useful physical characteristics such as magnetic, optical, structural or catalytic properties which is used for the design and synthesis of materials. The characterization, processing and molecular-level understanding of these substances are also involved in it. These carbon molecules have unusual properties, which are valuable for nanotechnology, electronics, optics and other fields of materials science and technology. The study of elements with either metallic or non-metallic properties is called Inorganic Materials Chemistry. The major area of research which leads to the development of advanced organic and polymeric materials by investigating into the process of synthesis, processing, control, characterization and establishment of the structural properties relationship among these materials is called Organic Materials Chemistry.

The study of the synthesis, characterization and properties of polymer molecules or macromolecules is called Polymer chemistry which is large molecules, composed of repeating chemical subunits known as monomers. Polymer chemistry is focuses on the chemical synthesis, structure, chemical and physical properties of polymers and macromolecules. The principles used within polymer chemistry are also applicable through a wide range of other chemistry sub-disciplines like organic chemistry, analytical chemistry, and physical chemistry.

Theoretical Chemistry


Theoretical chemistry mainly focuses on chemical bonding, physical organic chemistry, fundamentals & symmetry. Theoretical chemistry uses quantum mechanics, classical mechanics, and statistical mechanics to explain the structures and dynamics of chemical systems to correlate their thermodynamic and kinetic properties. Modern theoretical chemistry divided into the study of chemical structure and the study of chemical dynamics. Simulation methods to diverse topics such as Dynamic processes involved in the formation of Nano materials; Structures, Dynamics and transport of ions through biological membranes; basic processes of electron-driven chemistry; biological electron and proton transfer processes; bonding and electronic structures of unusual inorganic and organic molecules; mechanisms of organic and Organo metallic reactions and rational drug design.

Pure & Applied Chemistry


Pure Chemistry and Applied Chemistry are related, they have very unique differences. The ability to study something for your own knowledge benefit is pure chemistry. On the other hand the process of using your knowledge for an intended purpose or application is applied chemistry. Generally a substance is pure if it has a homogeneous chemical composition in Chemistry. Iron, steel, and water are the examples of pure substances. Applied Chemistry has four areas of study: physical chemistry, materials chemistry, chemical engineering, and environmental chemistry. In general the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and drugs are examples of Applied Chemistry.

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine

The area of chemistry concerned with analysis of bodily fluids for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes is Clinical chemistry. It is also known as chemical pathology, clinical biochemistry or medical biochemistry. It is an applied form of biochemistry. Clinical chemistry is the branch of laboratory medicine which focuses on molecules. The measurement of concentration of salts and minerals, small organic molecules and large macro molecules are the tests in a clinical chemistry laboratory.
    
The impact to Laboratory Medicine can be achieved by adding value to laboratory tests, represented by their effectiveness in influencing the management of patients and related clinical outcomes. An economic and new technological pressure are strongly and equally challenges Laboratory Medicine and it is essential to take a broad view of the discipline and present to the administrators can provide the full spectrum of activities and benefits Laboratory Medicine.

Cheminformatics & Computational Chemistry


Cheminformatics referred to as chemical informatics or Chemoinformatics and focuses on storing, indexing, searching, retrieving and applying information about chemical compounds. Cheminformatics authority fetch information about spectroscopic signatures, physical properties, 3D molecular crystal structures, molecular functional groups, chemical reaction pathways, docking sites and other parameters some of which require advanced information storage and retrieval technologies with the help of chemical names and formulas.

Computational chemistry is a product of the digital age. Computational chemistry is differing from computer science, although professionals in the two fields commonly collaborate. It uses different methods of theoretical chemistry, incorporated into efficient computer programs to calculate the structures and properties of molecules and solids. Computational results complement the information obtained by chemical experiments; in some cases predict to unobserved chemical phenomena. It is used in materials and new drugs designing.

Chemistry Education


Chemical education is the study of the teaching and learning of chemistry in schools, colleges and universities. Chemistry education aims to involve students in the domain of chemistry. This study is about students learning modeling in chemistry. Learning models and modeling is an important educational goal. Models are essential to the production, dissemination, and acceptance, of scientific knowledge in general. In chemistry education students should learn about the main lines and results of chemistry as a science discipline, including its models.

Food chemistry


Food chemistry plays a major role in ensuring safe and high quality food being processed for consumption. Food chemistry helps us to develop proper ways of handling food and good manufacturing practices. It is the study of chemical processes and interactions of all biological and non-biological components of foods. It is like biochemistry in its main components such as carbohydrates, lipids, and protein, but it also includes areas such as water, food vitamins, food minerals, food enzymes, food additives, food flavors, and food colors. It includes the investigation and improvement of nutrients and preservatives added substances that can be utilized to safeguard the nature of sustenance or to alter its shading, flavor, and taste.

Environmental Chemistry


Environmental Chemistry deals with the environmental impact of pollutants, the reduction of contamination and management of the environment. Environmental Chemistry is thus the study of the behavior of pollutants with respect to their environmental fate and effects on the environment. The effect of chemicals depends on its distribution, its form and its concentration. It mainly focuses on biological effects of chemicals, soils and bound residues, predicting compound properties and effects, chemical risk and regulatory issues, water quality, wastewater treatment and reuse, drinking water. Chemicals species present in the environment are either naturally occurring or generated by human activities. Environmental pollution like water pollution, air pollution is the effect of undesirable changes in the surrounding that have harmful effects on plants, animals and human beings. Pollutants exist in all the three states of matter. We have discussed only those pollutants, which can be controlled are due to human activities. The gaseous pollutants come down to earth in the form of acid rains. 75% of the solar energy reaching earth is absorbed by the surface and rest is radiated back to the atmosphere. These gases trap the heat and results global warming.

Mechanical Chemistry


The concept of using mechanical force to initiate chemical reactions is called Mechanical Chemistry (Mechanochemistry) and it has been around for thousands of years. Mechanical Chemistry is an interface between chemistry and mechanical engineering. It applies mechanical energy in the form of rubbing, grinding or milling. It is possible to synthesize chemical products by using mechanical action only. The mechanisms of mechanochemical transformations are often complex and different from usual photochemical mechanisms. The method of ball milling is widely used in which mechanical force is used to achieve chemical processing and transformations. Mechanical chemistry is radically differing from the traditional way of dissolving, heating and stirring chemicals in a solution, because it eliminates the need of solvents. Mechanical chemistry could help in making many chemical processes used by industry more environmentally friendly.

Nano Technology and Applications

Nano chemistry is the study of atom by atom or extremely small things in chemistry, physics, biology, materials science, and engineering and its applications. Nano chemistry is an advance area of chemistry for the study of nanoparticles and their compounds reactions and the production. Nano chemistry also covers medicine, computing, scientific exploration, and electronics, where Nano Chemistry offers the promise of building objects.

Nanotechnology is a science and technology about the control of matter on the atomic and molecular scale. Nanotechnology includes making products such as electronic devices, catalysts, sensors, etc. Nanotechnology is the study of small things which can be used in chemistry, biology, physics, materials science, and engineering. Nano science and nanotechnology involves the ability to see and to control individual atoms and molecules. Everything on Earth is made up of atoms like the food we eat, the clothes we wear, the buildings and houses we live in and our own bodies.

Application Areas of Nano Technology

  • Medicine
  • Diagnosis & Drug delivery
  • Energy
  • Catalysis
  • Cosmetics
  • Sports Equipment
  • Electronics
  • Food Packaging
  • Aerospace
  • Air & Water Quality
  • Vehicle Manufacturing
  • Textiles
  • Industries
  • Defence & Security

Natural Chemistry

Natural Chemistry is a branch of chemistry which deals with the study of the chemical characteristics of chemical substances produced by living organisms. Natural product is a chemical compound or a substance produced by a living organism which is found in nature. Natural products can be prepared by chemical synthesis. Natural products played a central role in the development of the field of organic chemistry by providing challenging synthetic targets. Natural products have been extended for commercial purposes such as cosmetics, dietary supplements and foods produced from natural sources without added preservatives.

  • Herbal Cosmetics
  • Herbal Drug Formulations
  • Heterocyclic chemistry
  • Homeopathic and Ayurvedic medicines

Petro Chemistry


A large group of chemicals distinct from fuels derived from petroleum and natural gas and used for a variety of commercial purposes are called Petrochemicals. The whole range of aliphatic, aromatic, and naphthenic organic chemicals, as well as carbon black and Inorganic materials such as sulfur and ammonia are included in it. A specific chemical included among the petrochemicals in many instances may also be obtained from other sources such as coal, coke or vegetable products. Materials like benzene and naphthalene can be made from either petroleum or coal, while ethyl alcohol may be of petrochemical or vegetable origin. This makes it difficult to categorize a specific substance as petrochemical or Non petrochemical.

Atomic Chemistry


The modern atomic theory, which states that all matter is composed of atoms, is chemistry. Atoms are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Every element has its own atomic number, which is equal to the number of protons in its nucleus. The smallest piece of an element maintains the identity of that element is called an atom and they are extremely small. It would take fifty million atoms in a row to make a line that is 1 cm long. At the end of the period a printed sentence has several million atoms in it. Atoms are so small and difficult to believe that all matter is made from atoms. It play a fundamental role in chemistry is formalized by the modern atomic theory.

Astrochemistry


Astrochemistry is the study of molecules in space, their formation, destruction pathways and efficiencies depend on the local environment. It is an overlap of astronomy and chemistry. The word "Astrochemistry" is applied to both the Solar System and the interstellar medium. The strong supporting evidence for abiogenetic theories of life: specifically, which hold that the basic molecular components of life came from extraterrestrial sources.

Forensic Chemistry


Forensic chemistry is the application of chemistry and forensic toxicology is a subfield in a legal setting. Forensic chemists can assist the identification of unknown materials which were found at the crime scene. Specialists have a wide array of methods and instruments to help identify unknown substances. Forensic chemists prefer using nondestructive methods first; to preserve evidence and to determine which destructive methods will produce the best results. To ensure the accuracy of what they are reporting, forensic chemists frequently check and verify that their instruments are working correctly and are still able to detect and measure various quantities of different substances.

Phytochemistry


The study of phytochemicals, which are chemicals derived from plants is Phytochemistry. Those studying phytochemistry strive to describe the structures of the large number of secondary metabolic compounds found in plants, the functions of these compounds in human and plant biology, and the biosynthesis of these compounds. The reasons for synthesizing phytochemicals by plants are to protect themselves against insect attacks and plant diseases. Phytochemicals in food plants are active in human biology and in many cases have health benefits. Phytochemistry can be considered as a sub-field of botany or chemistry.

Radio Chemistry


It is a study of radioactive materials, where the isotopes of elements are used to study the properties and chemical reactions of non-radioactive isotopes and deals with the use of radioactivity to study ordinary chemical reactions is Radiochemistry. Radioactivity is present ever since the formation of the earth. The subject of radiochemistry is introduced with a discussion of the three principal naturally occurring radioactive series of substances. A discussion of atomic and nuclear structure is followed by an excellent treatment of nuclear reactions. Radiochemistry differs from radiation chemistry where the radiation levels are kept too low to influence the chemistry. Radiochemistry includes the study of natural and man-made radioisotopes.

Sono Chemistry


The Research area in which molecules undergo a chemical reaction due to the application of powerful ultrasound radiation (20 kHz–10 MHz) is Sonochemistry. The physical phenomenon of the Sono chemical process is acoustic cavitation. Homogeneous Sonochemistry of liquids, Heterogeneous Sonochemistry of liquid-liquid or solid–liquid systems and overlapping with the aforementioned, the catalysis or increasing the rate of a chemical reaction with ultrasound are the Sonochemical reactions.

Stereo Chemistry


Stereochemistry is the study of chiral molecules. Stereochemistry focused on stereoisomers and extend from the complete spectrum of organic, inorganic, biological, physical and particularly supra molecular chemistry. It includes strategies for determinant and describing these relationships; the result on the physical or biological properties these relationships impart upon the molecules in question, and also the manner during which these relationships influence the reactivity of the molecules.

Systems Chemistry


Systems chemistry is the science of studying networks of interacting molecules, to create new functions from a set of molecules with different hierarchical levels and emergent properties. Systems chemistry is also related to abiogenesis. Systems chemistry is a branch of chemistry, where the focus does not lie on the individual chemical components but rather on the overall network of interacting molecules and on their emergent properties. Hence, it combines the classical knowledge of structure, reactions and interactions of molecules together with a systems approach inspired by systems biology and systems science.

Cluster Chemistry


Cluster chemistry is the latest topic in Inorganic Chemistry. In chemistry, a cluster compound is considered as a compound with a triangular or larger closed polyhedron of metal atoms. Clusters exist in various stoichiometries and nuclearities. A cluster was referring to compounds containing metal–metal bonds. Clusters include: Atomic clusters , Molecular clusters, Transition metal carbonyl clusters, Transition metal halide clusters, Boron hydrides, Fe-S clusters in biology, Zintl clusters, Metalloid clusters, Catalysis by metal carbonyl clusters.

Flow Chemistry


Flow chemistry is the study of chemical reactions whereby reactants are combined by pumping fluids, including solutions of reagents, through tubes at known rates. The relative proportions of the reactants are controlled by their concentrations and relative flow rates. These reactions can take advantage of rapid mixing and surface to volume ratio effects. Sometimes flow chemistry is referred to as “plug flow” or “continuous flow chemistry” is the process of performing chemical reactions in a tube or pipe. Reactive components are pumped together at a mixing junction and flowed down a temperature-controlled pipe or tube. It provides some major advantages such as faster reactions, cleaner products, safer reactions and easy scale-up.

Immunochemistry


Immunochemistry (IC) provides the basis of molecular mechanisms associated with immune system functions as it relates to the nature of antibodies, antigens and their interactions. Immunochemistry involves the study of the properties, functions, interactions and production of the antibodies/immunoglobulins, toxin, epitopes of proteins like CD4, antitoxins, cytokines/chemokines, antigens of the immune system, immune responses and determination of immune materials by immunochemical assays.

The various methods in immunochemistry have been refined and used in scientific study, from virology to molecular evolution. The detection of Syphilis by Wasserman test provided the diagnostic use of IC in infectious diseases. In immunochemistry, antibody titer and dilutions as well as incubation time, temperature and pre-treatment of tissue samples are tightly interwoven in their effect on staining quality. These factors can be changed independently, or as is more often the case, in complementary fashion to bring about positive differences. The predominant goal of an immunochemical staining is to achieve optimal specific staining accompanied by minimal interference from background staining.

Mathematical Chemistry


The mathematical Chemistry is the study of isomerism and the development of topological descriptors. Application in quantitative structural properties of relationships and chemical aspects of group theory finds applications in stereochemistry and quantum chemistry. The mathematical chemistry models are molecular graph and topological index. Mathematics used in chemistry as well as all other sciences. Mathematical calculations are necessary to explore important concepts in chemistry. It is very important to explain the mathematical behavior of chemistry.

Inter Disciplinary Research


Inter Disciplinary Research