Advanced Functional Materials

2D and 3D Materials refer to materials with distinct dimensional structures that offer unique properties for a variety of applications.

2D Materials are materials that are just one or a few atoms thick, with exceptional properties due to their reduced dimensionality. The most well-known example is graphene, a single layer of carbon atoms with remarkable electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties. Other examples include transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and hexagonal boron nitride, which are used in electronics, photonics, and sensing technologies.

3D Materials have three spatial dimensions, which can include more complex structures such as porous materials, lattices, and composites. These materials are often used in applications like catalysis, energy storage, and construction due to their ability to combine structural integrity with enhanced functionality.