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Surface Science and Engineering

Surface engineering is the sub-discipline of accoutrements wisdom which deals with the face of solid matter. It has operations to chemistry, mechanical engineering, and electrical engineering (particularly in relation to semiconductor manufacturing).

Solids are composed of a bulk material covered by a face. The face which bounds the bulk material is called the face phase. It acts as an interface to the girding terrain. The bulk solid material is called the bulk phase.

The face phase of a solid interacts with the girding terrain. This commerce can degrade the face phase over time. Environmental declination of the face phase over time can be caused by wear and tear, erosion, fatigue and creep.

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