Cancer Stem Cell and Oncology Research

A biological molecule found in blood, other body fluids, or tissues that is a sign of a normal or abnormal process, or of a disorder or disease. A biomarker may be used to see how well the body responds to a behavior for a disease or condition. Cancer biomarkers are biological molecules produced by the body or cancer in a person with cancer. Biomarker testing helps characterize variations in the tumor. Biomarkers can be DNA, RNA, protein or metabolomics profiles that are explicit to the tumor. The clinical use of CSC specific biomarkers is very limited, further the use of the Carcinoembryonic antigen (CAE), Fragments of the Cytokeratin 19(YFRA) and the Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) that is expressed by cancer stem cells.

There are the 4 types of biomarkers:

Molecular

Histologic

Radiographic, or Physiologic.