In their natural environment, plants are part of a rich ecosystem that includes many different microorganisms in the soil. It has long been known that some of these pests, such as mycorrhizal fungi or nitrogen-fixing symbiotic bacteria, play a vital role in plant function by improving mineral nutrition. However, the full range of plant-related microbes and their ability to transform agricultural products has only recently been revealed. These are associated with the rhizosphere, which is an important natural habitat for plants and bacteria. Symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacteria include cyanobacteria Rhizobium, Bradyrhizobium, Azorhizobium, Allorhizobium, Sinorhizobium and Mesorhizobium.
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