Cancer Science

Physical and Chemical Agents:-

The agents that produce cancer in humans are known as Carcinogens.

Physical carcinogens include fibers, particulate matter, hard and soft synthetic materials, and gels.

Chemical carcinogens include molecular substances that are found in a variety of different chemical compounds

Tobacco
Alcohol

Lifestyle:  Diet and Exercise :According to present survey many of the factors potentially influencing the chance of developing cancer due to lifestyle and personal choices. We have the power to attain some control over exposure to minimize the effects of harmful factors like alcohols and maximize the chance of keeping good health and living a long and happy life.

Diet: Eating high-fat increases risk for many types of cancer. Diet with low healthy fat, low Plant-based foods, with low lycopene can causes cancer. Aflatoxin a food contaminant, increases risk of liver cancer. Obesity and drinking alcohol have been correlated with the incidence and progression of some cancers. Presence of carcinogens in foods causes cancer.

Exercise: Lack of Physical activity and exercises can cause cancers. Sitting too much also increases risk of obesity which leads to cancer and other chronic diseases.

Balanced diet and daily exercise are some of the most important things to stay healthy against diseases like cancer.

Tobacco
Alcohol
Diet
Obesity

Infection and Inflammation: Although most cancer seems to arise from environmental exposures to chemicals and radiation or lifestyle choices, a large number of cases are caused by infections.

Schistosoma haematobium
Parasites
Bacteria

Heredity:  Inherited genetic mutations play a major role in about 5 to 10 percent of all cancers. Hereditary cancer syndromes can be diagnosed through Genetic tests to identify whether a person from a family that shows signs of such syndrome. Inherited mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are associated with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome marked by an increased lifetime risk of breast and ovarian cancers in women.

Hormones: Hormones are proteins or substances made by the body which helps to control certain types of cells work.  Specifically some hormones play a major role in some common types of cancer. It includes breast and ovary cancer in women, prostate cancer in men which causes due to hormonal changes.

Autoimmune Diseases:  Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system goes down and starts to attack the healthy tissues in human beings. Cancer has been implicated in some autoimmune disorders, Such as scleroderma and myositis, rheumatoid arthritis. Many autoimmune disorders and immunosuppressive therapy have been linked to an increased risk for cancer.

Radiation: High-energy radiation, such as x-rays, gamma rays, alpha particles, beta particles and neutrons which produces from nuclear plant can damage DNA and cause cancer.

Multiple myeloma
Thyroid cancer
Bladder cancer
Breast cancer